![]() ![]() In the English language, there are five forms for each verb (unless they are irregular, which changes the rules): root, third-person singular, present participle, past and past participle. Moreover, the Perfect Tense can explain what a Verb Form is.Ī Verb Form means that there are ways (or forms) of conjugating a verb. “Edgar is still waiting for the pending information” or “Edgar todavía está esperando por la información pendiente”.“Eugenia has gone to the gym for the last year or so” or “Eugenia ha ido todos los días al gimnasio durante más o menos el último año”.These types of forms use the word “have”, ‘‘has” or ‘‘had” as auxiliaries in accordance to what they are trying to say. It could be stated in the Past, Present or Future. I know, let’s take this straight to the point:Ī Perfect Tense is a Verb Tense used to indicate either a completed (therefore perfect) action or condition, or an action that is happening continuously up until the present (or the moment indicated when you are speaking). Keep reading this guide and you will learn all the correct ways to use the past participle in Spanish, otherwise known as the “participio pasado”, to sound like a native Spanish-speaker in no time at all.īefore you really come to terms with what a Past Participle is, you need to know what a Perfect Tense is. The Past Participle in Spanish is so crucial in your Spanish language learning journey that you must study it in order to be able to use it correctly. Even the name sounds like something important that we should not forget about. “Excuse me?” I hear some of you screaming at me. A great many adjectives in Spanish are simply past participles, and you’ve learned quite a few already: avergonzado ( embarrassed, from avergonzar, to embarrass), abierto ( open, from abrir, to open), cansado ( tired, from cansar, to tire), etc.Spanish. ![]() Look again at the second example above, and find the adjective used to describe the whales… “ballenas muertas” (dead whales). In the example about having seen the horrible photo, the act of seeing happened in the past, but the emotional effects are still present. So in the example above about the plastic wrap, the decision not to use it occurred in the past, but is still relevant because it changed the speaker’s present behavior. This relevance to the present point of reference is the key to the meaning of the present perfect tense. There is a difference, though: the present perfect refers to an action that was completed not long before the present moment and still has some relevance to the present time. The present perfect is therefore very similar to the preterit past tense, and in fact some Spanish-speaking regions use them interchangeably or even use the present perfect where standard Spanish would use the preterit. More abstractly, the perfect tenses express actions that happened before a certain point of reference-in the case of the present perfect, the action happened before a present point of reference. ( We all have seen the horrible photos of dead whales with their stomachs full of plastic.) Todos hemos visto las fotos horrorosas de ballenas muertas con el estómago lleno de plástico.( I have decided to no longer use plastic wrap.) Yo he decidido no usar más la envoltura de plástico.(Rabindranath Tagore)īut what does this strange new verb tense mean? For English speakers, understanding the present perfect is easy, since it corresponds fairly neatly to the present perfect tense in English: “¡He perdido mi gotita de rocío!,” dice la flor al cielo del amanecer, que ha perdido todas sus estrellas. Present perfect conjugation and irregular participles: subject There are also quite a few irregular participles that you will have to memorize. The regular formula for creating a past participle is to remove the ending from the infinitive, and put “-ado” or “-ido” on the stem, according to whether it’s an -AR, -ER, or -IR verb. The second word in all of the perfect tenses is the past participle of the main verb. As you may imagine, if you conjugate “haber” in the past you can make the past perfect tense, and so forth for the future perfect… but for now we’ll just master the present perfect tense. The verb “haber” is the auxiliary verb for all the perfect tenses, and in the present perfect, you will use the present tense of “haber”. The present perfect is an example of a compound tense, that is a verb tense that consists of two words: one auxiliary or “helping” verb plus one participle. “El que ha naufragado, teme a la mar, aún calmada.” ![]()
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